スクリプト付き！TOEFL iBTリスニング問題「レクチャー編」

「TOEFLリスニングを、スクリプトを見ながら勉強したい…！」

リスニングのスコアを効果的に伸ばすためには、スクリプトを見て復習することが必要不可欠です。

聴き取れなかった「音」と「語彙」を振り返って復習しないことには、リスニングの精度は高まらないからです

しかし、気軽にスクリプトを読みながら勉強できる教材が、なかなか手にはいりません。

ということで今回は、スクリプト付きのリスニング問題「レクチャー編」を紹介します。

TOEFL対策に役立ててくださいね

TOEFLリスニング問題「レクチャー編」

それでは早速、実際のリスニング問題を解いてみましょう。勉強は以下の手順でおこなうと良いと思います：

手順1：問題を解く・答え合わせをする
手順2：トランスクリプトを理解する
手順3：間違えた問題をもう一度解く
手順4：音読・オーバーラッピング・シャドーイングを繰り返す

特に重要なことが「手順2：トランスクリプトを理解する」ことです。この時、わからない表現や聴き取れなかった部分を完璧に理解できるようになることが理想です。

読んで理解できない部分は、聴いても理解できませんからね

問題の後に、スクリプトを掲載しているので、慣れないうちはスクリプトを見ながら問題を解いても大丈夫ですよ。

リスニング問題を解いてみよう

それでは、実際にリスニング問題を解いてみましょう。以下の再生ボタンをクリックすると音声が流れます：

TOEFL Listening Question レクチャー形式

Q.29 What is playing by ear?

Listening to music through earphones
Playing an instrument that is held up to the ear
Paying attention to what the teacher says
Leaning to play music without reading notation

Q.30 Listen again to part of the talk. Then answer the question. Why does the professor ask this:

TOEFL Listening Question レクチャー形式 Q30

To suggest that all children should study music
To introduce the main point he wants to make
To find out if everyone in the class can read music
To review material for an examination

Q.31 According to the professor, when should children learn to read musical notation? Choose two answers.

When they first learn how to play an instrument
When a group of children plays music together
When the music is too complex to learn by ear
When they are ready to play in front of an audience

Q.32 According to the professor, why should a music teacher paly the score for a child the first time?

To demonstrate how the printed notes translate into music
To suggest that the score can be played in different styles
To allow the child to memorize the score by listening
To show the child that the teacher is an excellent player

Q. 33 According to the professor, what is the natural order for children to learn music? Rank each sentence according to the natural order.

Learn how to read standard notation
Learn how to play the instrument by ear
Learn how to play by chord symbols

Q.34 What does the professor imply about the three methods of playing music?

Each method is appropriate for some students
There is no reason to learn all three methods
The best method is playing by standard notation
Students should use the teacher’s favorite method.

リスニング問題の解答

以下がリスニング問題の解答です：

D
B
B / C
A
(1)B – (2)C – (3)A
A

スコアが高くても、低くてもきちんと復習をすることを忘れないようにしましょう

リスニング問題のトランスクリプト

Learning to play a musical instrument is one of the best experiences that a young child can have. Learning to play music begins with listening to others play music. A child’s first experience with playing an instrument should be by ear, without the distraction of printed music. Playing by car is the natural beginning for children. The ability to play by ear will help them throughout their lives, and it also enriches the experience of music-making. But children should eventually learn to read music. So, when is the right time? And what’s the best way for a child to learn how to read music?

A lot of children start playing an instrument at the age of eight or nine. It’s best for them to spend a couple of years playing by ear before the teacher introduces notation -printed music. Children should first be able to feel that their instrument is a part of them. Playing by ear is the best way for children to become comfortable with their instruments.

The teacher should introduce notation only when the child is ready. The right time is when the child feels a need for notation. This might be when the child has learned so many pieces its sort of difficult to remember them all. Then the teacher can present the printed music as a memory aid. so learning to read music has a practical purpose and isn’t just a meaningless task.

A good time to teach notation is when a group of children play together. The printed score is a way to help them sort of keep track of who plays what and when. The score will organize their cooperative effort in a way that makes sense to them.

Another good time is when the child wants to play music that’s so complex it would be difficult to learn by ear. In this case, learning to read music is a natural step toward playing the music the child wants to play. The teacher should play the score for the child the first time through, and demonstrate how the notes on the page are transformed into music. The child listens as he or she looks at the printed notes. This way, the child can begin to see how the notes represent sound and a printed score becomes a piece of music. As the child listens—and maybe plays along—he or she begins to understand the shape of the new piece.

For students who play a chord-producing instrument- the guitar, for example—a natural first step toward reading music is playing by chord symbols. Chord symbols are found in a lot of different styles of music -like pop and jazz and at various levels of difficulty. Chord symbols are a simple form of written music—they’re kind of a halfway point between playing by ear and reading a standard musical score.

After children can play by ear. and then by chord symbols, the next step is to read standard music notation. Although that’s the natural order for children to learn, it doesn’t mean that each successive step is better than the one that came before. The three methods of playing music – playing by ear, playing chords, and playing by standard notation—are all valuable in their own way. Some children will always prefer to play by ear. Others will like chord playing and have no desire to learn another method. And still, others will find their musical home in the tradition of note reading. It’s the job of the music teacher to fit the method to the needs of the students.

わからない単語や表現は徹底的に精読して理解しましょう