【タスク4を例題で練習】TOEFL Integratedスピーキング

こんにちは、SOLO IELTS TOEFLのルークです。

TOEFL Integratedスピーキングタスク4の「例題と練習」を見ていきましょう。

例題を解くことで初めて見えてくるものがあります

スピーキングタスク4概要

TOEFL Integrated Speakingタスク4はレクチャーを聞いて、レクチャーで紹介されるメインポイントとその例についてまとめる形式です。

例題で練習をする前に、タスク4の流れを確認しておきましょう。

リスニング（レクチャー形式）
準備時間（20秒）
回答（60秒）

準備時間が20秒しかありませんので、教授のレクチャーからきちんとメモをとれることがポイントとなります。

参照: 【準備時間の使い方とコツ】TOEFL Integratedスピーキング

テンプレ

例題で練習するにあたってタスク4は下記のテンプレに沿って話すことをお勧めします。

たった20秒しか準備に時間がないため、英語表現で悩む余裕はないためです

サブトピック型

メイントピックから派生したサブトピックの説明を求められる問におけるテンプレは以下になります。

The lecture is about…
The professor talks about two…
The first…
The second…
In summary/Therefore/Ultimately,…

単語のコンセプト

単語のコンセプトの説明を例を2つ上げながら行う問におけるテンプレは以下になります。

The lecture is about…
The professor uses two examples to demonstrate…
In the first example,…
In the second example,…
In summary/Therefore/Ultimately,…

問の種類の違いは以下の記事を参照にしてください。

参照: 【タスク3の概要と流れ】TOEFL Integratedスピーキング

例題で練習

それではTOEFL Integrated Speakingタスク4の例題を使用して練習していきましょう。

本番形式の流れで解いていきましょう

例題1

問: Using the main points and examples from the lecture, describe two purposes of insects making sounds.

モデルアンサー

In this lecture, the professor describes the reasons that insects have for generating sounds that carry messages to their same species. To prove this, the professor gives two reasons for why they produce sounds. The first reason that insects produce sounds is because they are attempting to alert each other to danger. Small insects that are unable to hunt for themselves produce noises to alert their parents to approaching predators. Once parents hear the sound they know to return and protect their young against predators. The second purpose for producing sounds is in search for food resources. For example, when a group of insects have exhausted their supply of leaves, they will make a noise to alert the entire group that they need to move on and find a new source of food. Similarly, when they find a new source of food, they will alert the entire group through making noises. So, in this way, insects utilize noises in order to help protect and provide for their species.

例題2

問: Using the main point and examples from the lecture, describe two adaptations that the Arctic butterfly has developed for cold climates.

モデルアンサー

In this lecture, the professor talks about two ways that the Arctic butterfly has adapted to its environment. The first adaptation he mentions is basking. When Arctic butterflies bask, they take in the sun’s warmth by opening their wings to direct sunlight. The heat from the sun is then circulated through their blood. Basking is important for the Arctic butterfly because its body temperature must at least 10 degrees celsius to fly. The other adaptation discussed is the Arctic butterfly’s ability to produce something called a cryoprotectant. Cryoprotectants act as a shield against the freezing of organic cells and tissues in very cold environments, such as the Arctic, and other Arctic animals also have this adaptation. So, basking and production of cryoprotectants are the two adaptations discussed in this lecture.

例題3

問: Using the main point and examples from the lecture, describe the two types of bird nests the professor explains that are not the typical bird nest that most people imagine.

モデルアンサー

The professor discusses types of birds’ nests in the lecture, specifically ground nests and burrow nests. He first explains ground nests, in which birds lay their eggs directly on the ground. Some birds, like shorebirds and vultures may dig a pit before they lay their eggs. Other birds, like raptors and owls, will find a hidden place to lay their eggs, and do not scrape the ground to create a pit for their nests. The other nests which the professor mentions are burrow nests. Burrow nests are good for some birds, like puffins, because they provide protection and warmth for eggs and chicks. Sometimes birds make their own nests, and sometimes they reuse another animal’s burrow.

自分が録音したものとモデルアンサーを見比べて、きちんと例が列挙されているか照らし合わせて下さい