【多肢選択】IELTSリーディング解き方の解説と練習 ⑫　

こんにちは！

SOLO IELTS TOEFLのルークです！オンラインで英語を教えています。

この記事では、IELTSリーディング「多肢選択問題」の解き方の解説と練習問題を紹介します。

「多肢選択問題の解き方を知りたい方」や「リーディングを攻略したい人」の参考になれば幸いです。

リーディング「多肢選択」

IELTSリーディングの多肢選択問題は、3つか4つの選択肢が与えられ、パッセージに関する問に答える形式です。

この問題形式で試されているスキルは、特定情報のスキャニングと、情報を正確に理解しているかの2つです。

回答のコツ

IELTSリーディング、「多肢選択問題」を回答する際のコツは以下になります。

コツ1. 選択肢にひっかけが含まれているので注意する
コツ2. 選択肢のパラフレーズを考える
コツ3. パラフレーズを元に特定箇所を探す
コツ4. 答えは問題番号順にパッセージ内に出現する
コツ5. 答えはアルファベット形式なので注意する

この問題形式の選択肢は、ひっかけが多いで、直感で特定の選択肢に飛びつかないことが大切です。

練習問題

それでは、実際の練習問題を解いてみましょう。

Bees

Worker bees are between 8-19mm in length. They are divided into three distinct parts; head, thorax, abdomen. They have an almost completely black head, a thorax that is golden brown and black with patches of orange, and yellow bands can be easily seen on the abdomen. At the front of the head are two antennae for sensing their environment. They have four single wings. The largest are called forewings and the smallest hindwings. The hind legs are specialized for collecting pollen – each leg is flattened to form a pollen basket near the end of each leg.
Love them or hate them, we need bees to pollinate many important food
crops, including most fruit and vegetables. Bee pollinated crops are important sources of vitamins A and C, and minerals like calcium. By pollinating attractive wildflowers like bluebells and poppies, bees also help support the natural environment that people love – benefitting us culturally and economically, as well as ecologically. Calculations from the University of Reading show that £510 million of annual total crop sales in the UK are pollinated by bees and other insects.
What would happen if there were suddenly no more bees to pollinate these crops? This is a question being asked by farmers, beekeepers, and scientists because bees are now dying in their millions and they want to know why.
It’s widely recognised now that changes in agriculture are the main cause of bee decline across Europe. For example, hay meadows, which are full of many different plant species, have declined by 97 per cent since the 1930s, removing an important source of food for bees.
This has happened because of the trend towards growing the same crop (monocultures) over large fields. This has reduced the diversity of flowers available and resulted in the removal of hedges. Species that have more specialised food needs, like the Shrill Carder Bee, have been particularly hard hit. It is now listed as an endangered species.
With less hedges bees find it more difficult to move between feeding and nesting sites. This is because hedges act as corridors for bees to move along, but with less hedges movement becomes more difficult.
Pests and diseases are also a major threat to honey bees and other managed bees. The Varroa mite is thought to be one of the main causes of native honey bee loss. The impact on wild bees is harder to assess but ‘spill-over’ of diseases and pests between wild and managed bees has increasingly been observed.
Climate change has an affect as it can alter the timing of plant flowering, or the time that bees come out of hibernation, which means bees may emerge before there is enough food available.

指示文

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.

Q7. Apart from pollinating crops how else do bees help us?
1. economically
2. culturally
3. ecologically
4. all of the above

Q8. Why have the variety of flowers available for bees to pollinate fallen ?
1. conservation measures
2. less hedges
3. fertilizers
4. urban development

Q9. There are many reasons for the decline in bees but what is one of the major reasons for shrinking numbers of native honey bees?
1. Varroa mites
2. spill-over
3. managed bees
4. hard to assess

Q10. Why might bees end their hibernation at a different time?
1. to pollinate more flowers
2. to get more food
3. climate change
4. to emerge with other bees

解答

以下が、解答になります。

Q7. D
Q8. A
Q9. A
Q10. C

解答説明

解答の説明として、問いのキーワードが本文のどこにあるのか確認しましょう。

Q7. Apart from pollinating crops how else do bees help us?
パラフレーズ.
By pollinating attractive wildflowers like bluebells and poppies, bees also help support the natural environment that people love – benefitting us culturally and economically, as well as ecologically.

Q8. Why have the variety of flowers available for bees to pollinate fallen?
パラフレーズ.
This has happened because of the trend towards growing the same crop (monocultures) over large fields. This has reduced the diversity of flowers available.

Q9. There are many reasons for the decline in bees but what is one of the major reasons for shrinking numbers of native honey bees?
パラフレーズ.
The Varroa mite is thought to be one of the main causes of native honey bee loss.

Q10. Why might bees end their hibernation at a different time?
パラフレーズ.
Climate change has an effect as it can alter the time that bees come out of hibernation

以上が、IELTSリーディング「多肢選択問題」の解き方の解説と練習問題の紹介でした。

このタイプの問題形式は、事前に頭の中で問のパラフレーズを行い、その箇所をパッセージ内で探すように精読していくことがポイントです！

次のレッスンでは、リスト選択問題を学習します。リスト選択は、パッセージ内に出てくる情報や名前の描写に当てはまるものを選択する形式で、リーディングでは頻出です。